Students will acquire knowledge about the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and adverse effects of the main classes of drugs for dental use and of the drugs possibly administered to patients for other medical treatments, including drugs for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases and those for the control of hemostasis.
Matilde Amico-Roxas, Achille Caputi, Mario Del Tacca. FARMACOLOGIA IN ODONTOIATRIA. Ed. UTET
F. Rossi, V. Cuomo, C. Riccardi. FARMACOLOGIA- Principi di base e applicazioni terapeutiche. Edizioni Minerva Medica.
Learning Objectives - Part A
Students will be able to know the use, the mechanism of action and the side effects of the main groups of drugs as a rational basis for their use in the treatment of the dental patient. They will have to know drugs for CV prevention and for the control of hemostasis, their relative risks, and complications related to dental management of patients receiving anticoagulant drugs. They will have the necessary skills to practice local anesthesia and analgesia during dental practice, as well as the knowledge and skills needed to prescribe pre- and post-operative medicines to alleviate pain and anxiety. Finally, students will acquire knowledge of the concepts of selective toxicity of antimicrobial chemotherapeutics and therefore of the mechanism of action of different chemoantibiotic groups, as a rational basis for their use in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in dentistry; knowledge of the basic concepts of chemioresistance; learning of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic correlations of antibiotics; knowledge of the microbiological (epidemiological and environmental) concepts and data concerning the etiopathogenesis and the evolution of dental infectious diseases.
Prerequisites - Part A
To have knowledge on pathophysiology
Teaching Methods - Part A
powerpoint presentations
Type of Assessment - Part A
Written test with multiple choice questions on the topics of General Pharmacology and part of Special Pharmacology. Oral test on Special Pharmacology
Course program - Part A
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY. Pharmacokinetics: Routes of administration; Absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs; Mechanisms of action of drugs, ED50, agonists and receptor antagonists, Quantitative dose-response relationship; Adverse drug reactions; Therapeutic index and evaluation of the risk / benefit ratio of a drug. Pharmacology of the adrenergic and cholinergic system: Agonists and antagonists.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. Drugs for the control of inflammation and pain: NSAIDs, COXIB, Glucocorticoids, Opioids; Drugs for primary and secondary prevention of CV diseases: antihypertensives, antianginal, drugs for the control of hemostasis. Local anesthetics and some knowledge on general anesthetics; Bisphosphonates. Drugs for the control of gastric secretion. Antihistamines; Benzodiazepines. Chemotherapy: Mechanism of action of antimicrobial chemotherapeutics and concepts of selective toxicity; Bacterial chemotherapy: general aspects, evolution, geographical differences and implications for the use of chemoantibiotics; pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of antibiotics: penicillins, cephalosporins, glucoside macrolides, quinolones and antibiotics of minor use (tetracyclines, cotrimoxazole, lincosamides, metronidazole). General principles for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis.